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Kargil Vijay Diwas: On July 26, 1999, India celebrated a decisive victory over Pakistan in the Kargil War, a conflict that reaffirmed India's military mettle and determination to safeguard its borders. This day, known as Kargil Vijay Diwas, marks the end of a two-month-long war in the rugged terrains of Kargil, located in the then Jammu and Kashmir (now Ladakh). The Indian tricolour once again flew proudly over all Kargil posts, symbolising the nation's hard-fought triumph and reinforcing its global image as a resilient democratic nation.

Significance Of Kargil Vijay Diwas

Kargil Vijay Diwas serves as a reminder of the valour and unwavering resolve of Indian soldiers. Battling against harsh weather, difficult terrains and well-entrenched enemy positions, Indian troops displayed remarkable courage. Despite facing temperatures well below freezing, limited supplies and equipment they had. The soldiers, driven by a deep sense of national duty and patriotism, pressed forward with indomitable spirit, often fighting without adequate food, water or medical aid.

The Unfolding Of The Kargil War

Initial Intrusion: The roots of the Kargil conflict trace back to the winter of 1998-99 when Indian and Pakistani forces vacated their posts in the high-altitude Kargil region due to harsh conditions. Unbeknownst to India, Pakistani soldiers and militants infiltrated these positions, occupying strategic peaks. The situation came to light on May 3, 1999, when a shepherd reported suspicious movements in the area. By then, Pakistani forces had advanced about 15 kilometres into Indian territory.

First Engagements: On May 5, Captain Saurabh Kalia and his team were the first to encounter the intruders. They were brutally killed, their bodies mutilated, highlighting the enemy's barbarity. This gruesome incident galvanised the Indian military and public opinion, leading to the declaration of Operation Vijay on May 14.

Military Response: Operation Vijay was launched to reclaim the occupied territory. The Indian Air Force supported the ground troops with Operation Safed Sagar, providing crucial air support. The campaign saw intense battles across the landscape of Kargil, with Indian forces gradually regaining control of key positions. 

IAF conduct an aerial display during the Kargil Vijay Diwas celebrations to mark the 25th anniversary of India's victory in the 1999 Kargil war following the culmination of Operation Safed Sagar of the IAF and Operation Vijay of the Indian Army. (Image: ANI)

Notable Peaks And Battles

Gun Hill (Point 5140): Located in the Tololing complex, Gun Hill was a critical vantage point from which Pakistani forces rained bullets. Captured on June 20 under the leadership of Captain Vikram Batra, it now bears the name Gun Hill in his honour.

Three Pimples: Strategically positioned to monitor the National Highway and Drass sector, capturing this peak was vital. The Rajputana Rifles successfully secured it on June 29, significantly enhancing India's tactical advantage.

Tiger Hill: Standing at 16,500 feet, Tiger Hill was a pivotal objective. Its capture on July 4 dramatically shifted the war's momentum in India's favour. The famous image of soldiers hoisting the tricolour here remains an enduring symbol of the Kargil victory.

Batra Top (Point 4875): This peak, at 15,990 feet, saw intense fighting. Captain Vikram Batra, who posthumously received the Param Vir Chakra, led the assault. The peak was named Batra Top in his honour, commemorating his and his team's supreme sacrifice.

Point 5353: Situated near the Line of Control (LoC), Point 5353 remains a strategically important location. Both India and Pakistan claim it, reflecting ongoing tensions in the region.

Visuals from Kargil View Point showing all the points where the battle of Kargil took place

Key Victories

- May 18: Points 4295 and 4460 were recaptured.

- June 13: Tololing and Point 4590 were seized.

- June 14: The strategic point known as 'Hump' was captured.

- June 20: Indian soldiers took Point 5140.

- June 28: Point 4700 was reclaimed.

- June 29: The tricolour was hoisted on 'Black Rock', 'Three Pimples', and 'Knoll'.

- July 4: After 11 hours of fierce fighting, Tiger Hill, Point 5060, and Point 5100 were secured.

- July 5: Point 4875 was captured.

- July 14: Operation Vijay was declared successful.

The war culminated on July 26, 1999, with India regaining control over all occupied territories.

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Pakistan's Objectives And Miscalculations

Pakistan's strategic goal was to capture the high peaks of Kargil, cut off the vital NH-1D highway and disrupt India's logistical supply lines to Leh and Siachen. By doing so, Pakistan aimed to force India to abandon its positions in Leh and Siachen. However, the Indian Army's resilience thwarted these plans, resulting in a significant setback for Pakistan both militarily and diplomatically.

Leadership And Strategy

Under the leadership of General VP Malik, the Indian Army demonstrated exemplary coordination between political, military and diplomatic efforts. The successful execution of Operation Vijay showcased India's ability to transform a challenging situation into a resounding victory. In contrast, Pakistan faced international condemnation and suffered considerable losses.

Kargil War Memorial

To honour the bravery and sacrifice of the soldiers, the Kargil War Memorial was established in the Drass sector in November 2004. This site, visible from the peaks captured during the war, stands as a tribute to the fallen heroes.

Defence Minister Rajnath Singh paying homage to the fallen heroes at Kargil War Memorial. (Image: ANI) 

Kargil Vijay Diwas is not just a day of victory but a testament to the courage, dedication and spirit of Indian soldiers. It serves as a poignant reminder of the price of freedom and the unwavering spirit of the Indian Armed Forces. As we commemorate this day each year, it honours the legacy of its heroes and reaffirms their commitment to defending the nation's sovereignty.