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Dysmenorrhea is a common symptom that many women suffer from; it is defined as joint discomfort during periods. The uterus contracts as a result of prostaglandins released throughout the menstrual cycle, one of the hormonal changes that causes this pain. These contractions may cause pain and inflammation that spreads to the hips, lower back, and joints.

Additionally, the possibility of water retention and the body's heightened sensitivity to pain can make joints more uncomfortable. Applying heat, using over-the-counter painkillers, and leading a healthy lifestyle with regular exercise are common strategies for managing chronic discomfort. In a conversation with Jagran English, Dr. Anusha Rao P., a consultant in obstetrics and gynecology at Yashoda Hospitals in Hyderabad, discussed joint pain, especially during periods, including its causes, complications, and management.

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According to Dr. Anusha, joint pain during menstruation is an issue that many women experience. This discomfort is primarily due to hormonal fluctuations, particularly the decrease in estrogen and progesterone levels. These changes can lead to inflammation and pain in various joints. Additionally, the release of prostaglandins can contribute to pain in other areas, including the hips and lower back.

Joint pain during menstruation can also be influenced by nutritional factors. Inadequate intake of essential nutrients like magnesium, calcium, and omega-3 fatty acids can exacerbate inflammation and pain.

Dysmenorrhea spreads to the hips, lower back, and joints.(Image Credit:Freepik)

She further added that magnesium helps in muscle relaxation and reduces prostaglandin production, which is responsible for menstrual cramps and associated joint pain. Calcium and vitamin D are vital for bone and joint health, while omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties. Including foods rich in these nutrients, such as leafy greens, dairy products, fish, nuts, and seeds, can help manage menstrual joint pain.

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Finally, Dr. Anusha said that managing this pain involves a combination of lifestyle adjustments and medical interventions. Regular exercise, especially activities like yoga and swimming, can help alleviate pain by improving circulation and reducing inflammation. For more severe pain, over-the-counter NSAIDs like ibuprofen can provide relief, but it’s advisable to consult a gynecologist before starting any medication.