How Diabetes Can Affect The Brain? Know From Doctor

Diabetes has often been associated accordingly with complications such as cardiovascular disease and renal impairment. But the other side of the story is that the inadequately controlled high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) also adversely affects brain health and is in line with declining cognition, memory loss and increased chances for neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and stroke.

In a conversation with Jagran English, Dr Kunal Bahrani, Director-Neurology, Marengo Asia Hospital, Faridabad explained how diabetes or high blood sugar levels can affect the brain.

How Can Diabetes Affect Neurological Function?

Chronic inflammation certainly is one mode through which diabetes acts on the brain. The elevated glucose level causes oxidative stress, damaging blood vessels through which oxygen and nutrients reach the brain. That could, in the long run, cause vascular dementia, an inconsistency in cognitive function as a result of reduced blood flow to the brain.

Resistance of the brain to insulin is another major consequence. Apart from acting in blood sugar control, insulin is very important in synaptic activity and neurotransmitter balance. When the nerve cells of the brain become resistant to insulin, it disrupts communication among neurons. Once such a situation arises, memory eases out and processing may slow. There's a long-standing equivalency drawn between type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer's disease, often referred to as 'type 3 diabetes.'

Diabetes raises the risk of stroke due to adverse influences on blood vessels. Elevated glucose levels positively contribute to atherosclerosis, the hardening and thickening of arteries; thus, strokes become more likely. Even slight issues can occur in recurrent unnoticed strokes, thus leading to significant cognitive impairment contested over a long time.

In order to prevent these complications, tight blood sugar levels are required through proper dietary habits, exercise, and medicines when necessary. Also, look out for lifestyle habits such as stress management and rest since cognitive health is considerably related to these.

Recognising the neurological impact of diabetes will lead to individuals taking further steps toward maintaining brain function and reducing more extended complications.

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