Is There Any Connection Between STI's And Endometriosis? Know From An Expert

Endometriosis is a complex condition in which tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus, leading to pain, infertility, and other complications. While the exact cause of endometriosis remains unknown, factors such as genetics, immune system dysfunction, and hormonal imbalances are believed to contribute to its development. A common question that arises is whether sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can play a role in causing or worsening endometriosis. In a conversation with Jagran English, Dr. Nupur Gupta, Director of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurugram, shared insights on the possible connection between STIs and endometriosis.

According to Dr. Nupur Gupta, STIs like chlamydia and gonorrhea can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), a serious infection affecting the reproductive organs. Chronic inflammation from PID can cause scarring, adhesions, and damage to the fallopian tubes and surrounding tissues. However, research has not established a direct link between STIs and the development of endometriosis. Instead, the overlap in symptoms, such as pelvic pain and menstrual irregularities, often leads to confusion between the two conditions.

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Some studies suggest that chronic inflammation caused by untreated STIs may worsen endometriosis symptoms. Inflammation can exacerbate pelvic pain and increase the likelihood of adhesions, making symptom management more challenging for individuals with endometriosis, Dr. Gupta added.

Another key concern is fertility. Both STIs and endometriosis can contribute to infertility due to scarring and blockages in the reproductive tract. Women with a history of PID from untreated STIs may be at a higher risk of infertility, just as those with severe endometriosis.

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At last, Dr. Nupur Gupta emphasized that since there is no clear evidence linking STIs to endometriosis, the focus should remain on prevention, early detection, and management of both conditions. Safe sexual practices, routine STI screenings, and timely treatment of infections are crucial in preventing complications like PID. For individuals with endometriosis, early diagnosis and a tailored treatment plan can significantly improve their quality of life.