Diet, metabolism and the gut microbiome are closely linked, and understanding their relationship can greatly improve our digestive and overall health. The gut microbiome is the collection of trillions of bacteria, fungi, and other microbes living in our intestines. These microorganisms help break down food, produce vitamins, and maintain a healthy gut lining. Diet plays a key role in shaping the composition of the microbiome. For example, a diet high in fibre from fruits, vegetables, and whole grains promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria. In contrast, a diet high in processed foods, sugars, and unhealthy fats can disrupt the balance, allowing harmful bacteria to thrive.

In a conversation with Jagran English, Dr Adil Farooq Malik, Sr. Consultant- Gastroenterology, Fortis Hospital, Shalimar Bagh explained the relationship between diet, metabolism and gut microbiome. 

According to Dr Malik, metabolism refers to how our body processes and uses energy from food. The gut microbiome can influence metabolism by breaking down food that the body cannot digest on its own, such as certain fibres. These microbes produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that help regulate metabolism, inflammation, and even blood sugar levels. A healthy gut microbiome contributes to a well-functioning metabolism, while an imbalanced microbiome may lead to metabolic issues such as obesity, diabetes, or other disorders.

The diet also affects metabolism directly. For instance, high-protein diets may increase the body's metabolic rate temporarily, helping to burn more calories. Meanwhile, unhealthy diets can slow down metabolism and increase fat storage. Thus, the interaction between diet, metabolism, and the microbiome is continuous and dynamic.

To support a healthy gut and metabolism, it is important to eat a varied diet rich in fibre, avoid excessive processed foods, and stay hydrated. This balance promotes the growth of beneficial microbes, improves digestion, and supports efficient metabolism, benefiting overall health.

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