Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is rapidly emerging as one of the most pressing health concerns among women in India. Affecting nearly 1 in every 5 women of reproductive age, PCOS is no longer considered a rare endocrine disorder but a widespread public health issue. Gynecologists across the country are raising alarms, calling PCOS the most significant women's health challenge of our time. In a conversation with Jagran English, Dr. Deepika Aggarwal, Director of Obstetrics & Gynaecology at CK Birla Hospital, Gurugram, spoke about PCOS in India: Why Gynecologists Are Calling It the Biggest Women’s Health Concern Today.

According to Dr. Deepika Aggarwal, PCOS is a hormonal disorder that affects the functioning of the ovaries. Common symptoms include irregular menstruation, excessive hair growth on the face and body (hirsutism), acne, weight gain, thinning of hair, and in many cases, infertility. While the exact cause is unknown, PCOS is often linked to insulin resistance, inflammation, and genetic predisposition. Urban lifestyle factors such as poor diet, high stress, and lack of physical activity further aggravate the condition.

She also emphasized that PCOS is being diagnosed at increasingly younger ages in India. Many teenage girls show signs by the age of 13 or 14, but due to low awareness, these symptoms are often mistaken for normal puberty or stress-related issues. It is usually only when serious health problems or fertility concerns arise that PCOS is recognized and treated. Beyond reproductive implications, PCOS carries long-term risks such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, endometrial cancer, and mental health issues like anxiety and depression. It is far more than a cosmetic or fertility issue—PCOS is a lifelong metabolic and hormonal disorder that requires consistent management.

The stigma around reproductive and menstrual health in India worsens the situation. Many young women hesitate to seek medical attention, and families often do not prioritize regular gynecological checkups. Inadequate sex education in schools further delays awareness and diagnosis. Physicians are advocating for a comprehensive approach: increasing public awareness, promoting early screening, encouraging lifestyle changes, and offering emotional support. A healthy lifestyle and balanced diet remain central to managing PCOS, with medical treatment used as needed, noted Dr. Deepika.

In conclusion, Dr. Deepika Aggarwal stressed that although social media and health influencers have helped bring PCOS into public conversation, much more needs to be done in terms of policy, education, and accessible healthcare. With rising numbers, gynecologists warn that India must act swiftly. Addressing PCOS is not just about treating a condition—it’s about safeguarding the future health and well-being of the next generation of women.