Salman Khan recently made a shocking revelation on The Great Indian Kapil Show, sharing his struggles with three serious health conditions: a brain aneurysm, trigeminal neuralgia and arteriovenous malformation. Despite the risks and pain associated with these conditions, the actor continues to work tirelessly even performing stunts.

In a conversation with Jagran English, Dr. Neha Pandita, Consultant - Neurology and Clinical Lead - Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders, Fortis Escorts, Okhla Road, New Delhi explained these three neurological conditions; brain aneurysm, trigeminal neuralgia and arteriovenous malformation.

What Is Brain Aneurysm?

A brain aneurysm is the ballooning or bulging of an artery wall in the brain resulting from weakness in the vascular wall. Most often asymptomatic, it manifests with massive and acute headache when it leaks or ruptures and produces hemorrhagic stroke which is often lethal. Risk factors are hypertension, smoking, family history and age. Small unruptured aneurysms can be watched whereas large or symptomatic aneurysms can be managed with surgical clipping or endovascular coiling.

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What Is AV Malformation?

An arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a congenital, benign anomalous intermingling of arteries and veins in the brain that circumvents the capillary bed. This impairs normal blood flow and oxygen delivery with seizures, headaches or neurological deficit ensuing. AVMs can rupture with intracerebral haemorrhage. The aetiology is unknown, although most are believed to be congenital. Diagnosis is imaging (MRI, CT angiogram), and therapy is surgical excision, endovascular embolisation or stereotactic radiosurgery based on location and risk of rupture.

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What Is Trigeminal Neuralgia?

Trigeminal neuralgia is a disorder of pain of the trigeminal nerve that conveys facial sensation to the brain. It induces transient severe electric shock-like pain in the face usually provoked by light stimuli such as chewing, brushing teeth or speaking. This illness is most commonly caused by nerve compression, most often by an overlying blood vessel or less commonly by tumors or multiple sclerosis. The treatment is initially managed with anticonvulsants such as carbamazepine. Microvascular decompression or other surgery can be necessary in refractory cases.

All of these conditions share specific neurovascular disruption but equal potential for widespread effect on quality of life. Earliest diagnosis and individually appropriate therapy are needed for optimal management and outcome.