Signs Of Genital Herpes: Expert Lists Warning Signs To Never Ignore

Signs Of Genital Herpes: Genital herpes is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs), affecting millions of people worldwide. However, many are still unaware of its symptoms, transmission, and impact on health. This STI is primarily caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV), particularly HSV-2. One of the major challenges is that genital herpes often shows no symptoms, allowing the virus to be unknowingly passed on to others. This virus mainly spreads through sexual contact, and even when sores are not visible, it can still be transmitted easily.

Understanding this virus more deeply is crucial, including how STIs behave, their trigger points, the importance of practicing safe sex, and discussing condom use with your partner. These conversations are vital for openly addressing the issue and preventing transmission. It's important to note that there is no cure for herpes, but antiviral medications can help manage outbreaks. In a conversation with Jagran English, Dr. (Prof.) Annamma Thomas, Senior Consultant of Obstetrics & Gynecology at Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore, discussed the five early warning signs of genital herpes and how to address them.

According to Dr. Annamma, genital herpes is a common STI caused by both HSV-2 and HSV-1, both DNA viruses. The virus spreads through direct genital, oral, or anal contact. The primary infection may be asymptomatic or mild, while in other cases, painful blisters may appear on the vulva or peri-anal region. These blisters heal within a week with or without treatment, but the virus remains dormant in the nerve ganglion, reactivating due to stress or immune suppression. Recurrences are less severe and shorter in duration. Once infected, there is no cure. However, antiviral medications can help control symptoms and reduce the risk of transmission.

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1. Flu-like Symptoms

During the primary infection, flu-like symptoms such as fever, body ache, muscle pain, headache, and swollen lymph nodes in the groin may occur. These symptoms can resemble other viral infections, so it's essential to receive an accurate diagnosis before starting treatment.

2. Pain And Discomfort In The Genital Area

A burning sensation, itching, discomfort, or tingling in the vulva and vaginal area often occurs during an active genital herpes infection. The genital area becomes sensitive and painful to touch, and these early signs should prompt medical attention to help manage the disease.

3. Blisters

Herpes lesions initially appear as multiple small pimples, which later form clear, fluid-filled white blisters. These may develop days or weeks after the infection. Fluid from the blisters can be tested to confirm the diagnosis. These blisters can appear on the vulva, peri-anal region, buttocks, cervix, or inside the vagina.

4. Ulcers

When the fluid-filled blisters rupture, they can bleed and ooze, forming shallow ulcers. These ulcers may become secondarily infected, resulting in multiple shallow ulcers with an erythematous base and purulent discharge. They may also be associated with vaginal discharge. Wearing loose-fitting underwear and soaking in a warm bath can help relieve discomfort. Frequent use of soap should be avoided to prevent further irritation.

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5. Difficulty Urinating

Painful or difficult urination is a distressing symptom of genital herpes. Contact between urine and the herpetic ulcers can cause a severe burning sensation, making urination difficult. If ulcers are near the urethral opening, associated swelling may further complicate urinary symptoms. Early identification and treatment can help relieve these symptoms.

Finally, Dr. Annamma emphasized that early recognition and accurate diagnosis are key to initiating appropriate treatment. Identifying early flu-like symptoms, as well as itchy blisters or ulcers, can help manage the symptoms and reduce the risk of transmission. Consulting a professional if herpes is suspected is essential for effective treatment. Understanding the early warning signs of genital herpes is crucial for timely diagnosis and management.