Prostate cancer is a condition affecting the walnut-sized gland located below the bladder in men. It occurs when the cells present in that gland begin to grow uncontrollably for a tumour and have the ability to spread to other parts of the body. According to the Lancet report, prostate cancer accounts for around 15% of all cancer cases and is expected to rise by 2040 worldwide. Detecting prostate cancer at an early stage is difficult as it rarely shows visible symptoms.

In a conversation with Jagran English, Dr. Mohit Saxena, Consultant & Head Of Department (HOD) - Medical Oncology, Manipal Hospital, Gurugram explained prostate cancer, its causes, symptoms and the risk factors associated with it.

Symptoms Of Prostate Cancer

Frequent urination: A sudden urge to pee, especially at night could be a sign of growing prostate cancer and should be brought to medical attention.

Weak urinary system: An interrupted urine flow that causes difficulty in starting and stopping is a common symptom of this condition.

Loss of bowel control: Urinary incontinence or difficulty in controlling bowel movement could be a sign of prostate cancer.

Blood in urine: Though less common, the presence of blood while peeing could be a serious sign.

Persistent pain in the pelvic area: Any pain in the lower back, hips, chest or pelvis may indicate the spread of prostate cancer.

Risk Factors For Prostate Cancer

Age- The most common risk factor of prostate cancer is age. Older men are more likely to be diagnosed with it. Although not all prostate problems can be related to cancer, regular checks to eliminate the risk factors are essential.

Genetic- A family history of cancer or genetics can lead to an increased risk of prostate cancer.

Diet And Lifestyle- A high intake of dietary products and a low intake of fruits and vegetables increases the chances. An unhealthy lifestyle, which can cause obesity, is linked to the risk of prostate cancer.

Physical Activity- Regular exercise is associated with a lower risk of prostate cancer and improves overall health.

Smoking- A lesser-known fact but persistent intake of harmful toxins can potentially increase the cancer risk.

Moreover, the doctor said it is important to seek medical advice if any symptoms emerge without delay. There are various treatment options available to treat prostate cancer depending upon the age, severity, and other factors. In the early stage, a method called active surveillance is used which checks for signs that show cancer growth. Radiation therapy along with hormonal therapy is also curative for medium to high-risk prostate cancer. Along with this in advanced prostate, chemo, hormonal or targeted therapy is considered.

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