Why Uterine Fibroids Are Rising In Young Indian Women; Doctor Explains Causes, Risks And Prevention

Uterine fibroids, once considered a midlife health issue, are now appearing with surprising frequency in young Indian women, sometimes even in their 20s and early 30s. These benign growths in the uterus can cause symptoms such as heavy bleeding, pelvic pain, and fertility issues, but what’s more alarming is the trend of earlier onset. Doctors and researchers are increasingly concerned as lifestyle changes, dietary patterns and shifting reproductive habits seem to be accelerating the condition’s appearance in younger age groups. This shift not only impacts women’s immediate health but also poses long-term challenges for fertility and overall well-being.

While fibroids are not cancerous, their rising prevalence among younger women signals deeper public health issues linked to nutrition, hormonal health, and genetics. Indian women today face a unique mix of risk factors, from vitamin D deficiency and sedentary lifestyles to high consumption of fried foods and red meat. Combined with genetic predisposition and evolving work-life patterns, these factors create the perfect storm for fibroid development. In conversation with The Daily Jagran, Dr Akriti Gupta, Fertility Specialist at Birla Fertility & IVF, Gorakhpur, shares that understanding the causes, recognising early warning signs, and taking preventive measures can empower women to protect their reproductive health before symptoms become severe.

Causes Of Uterine Fibroids

First, let's look at the well-known contributors to fibroid development. Vitamin D deficiency, hormonal imbalances, early menarche, late menopause, sedentary habits, and obesity can contribute to fibroid development, and they are all interlinked.

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In India, vitamin D deficiency is quite common. Dr Akriti Gupta mentions, “One reason for this is limited good sun exposure due to indoor lifestyles and sleeping habits and patterns. That deficiency alone has been shown to increase fibroid risk.”

Another major contributor is dietary patterns. The Indian diet often includes heavily fried foods, spicy dishes, and high red‑meat consumption. All these factors are associated with higher fibroid risk. Dr Akriti Gupta states, “Overconsumption of deep-fried items and red meat can also lead to weight gain, and excess body fat promotes production of oestrogen via the aromatase enzyme.” Fat cells convert androgens into oestrogen, and that hormonal imbalance further fuels fibroid growth.

Uterine Fibroids Prevention (Image Credits: Canva)

Lifestyle is another factor that comes into play. Many Indian women stay active only in domestic routines without structured physical activity or even short walks. Post-pregnancy weight often lingers, and without adequate movement or dietary control, obesity becomes more likely. That reinforces the hormonal imbalances and higher oestrogen levels driving fibroid formation.

Another risk factor is family history. If a woman’s mother or sister has fibroids, her chance of developing them increases, too. Dr Akriti Gupta says, “Genetics plays a clear role, and awareness of this can prompt earlier screening.”

Lifestyle Changes To Prevent Uterine Fibroids

Spend at least half an hour in sunlight daily to boost vitamin D

Moderate deep‑fried foods and red‑meat and increase fruits and leafy greens

Introduce regular physical activity – even walking, yoga, or simple home exercises counts

Monitor hormone levels if cycles are irregular

Discuss family history of fibroids with your doctor to consider earlier screening

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Dr Akriti Gupta states, “women with symptoms such as irregular bleeding, heavy periods, pelvic pain earlier now than they did a decade ago.” Paying attention to these early signs and getting a pelvic ultrasound sooner helps catch any fibroids before they grow large.

Ultimately, fibroids in young Indian women reflect socio-cultural lifestyle changes, dietary habits, and evolving reproductive patterns. Recognising risk early opens doors for prevention and management and ensures women get the care they need before symptoms become more severe.