Soon after Russia’s Luna-25 crash failed, the whole world witnessed the touchdown of Chandrayaan-3 on the South Pole of the Moon. The Indian Space Research Organization's (ISRO) Chandrayaan-3 became the fourth nation to successfully reach the moon after the USA, China, and Russia.

In terms of technology, Chandrayaan-3 is built with cutting-edge technologies. The spaceship, lander, and rover are loaded with high-quality components, electronics, and technology. For those who are unfamiliar, the Chandrayaan-3 consists of three parts: a lander (Vikram), a rover (Pragyan), and a propulsion module. On August 17, the lander and rover detached from the propulsion module. The propulsion system will remain in orbit for years and will be capable of carrying out a variety of experiments.

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Here is everything you need to know about the Chandrayaan-3:

1. Propulsion Module:

According to ISRO's official mission page, Chandrayaan-3, the most recent version of the spacecraft, has a payload called Spectropolarimetry of Habitable Planet Earth (SHAPE). With the use of this, ISRO will be able to carry out a variety of experiments up until it stays in orbit. The experiments involve polarisation measurements of the Blue Planet, atmospheric spectroscopic research, and gathering planetary signs that might point to their habitability.

The 440N Liquid Engine provides the propulsion with its power. A star sensor, a TTC antenna, and a solar panel are also included.

2. Vikram Lander:

The Vikram lander was responsible for the soft landing and will carry a research for 14 days on the Moon’s surface. It gets a payload called Radio Anatomy of Moon Bound Hypersensitive Ionosphere and Atmosphere (RAMBHA).

The Vikram lander receives Lunar Seismic Activity (ILSA) and Chandra's Surface Thermophysical Experiment (ChaSTE) to study thermal conductivity and temperature. A Langmuir Probe (LP) is also used to monitor the plasma density. It also receives a passive Laser Retroreflector Array to conduct lunar laser ranging research.

Additionally, it is equipped with a variety of instruments, such as the Ka-Band Altimeter (KaRA), Laser Atimeter (LASA), Laser Doppler Velocimeter (LDV), Laser Inertial Referencing and Accelerometer Package (LIRAP), Lander Position Detection Camera (LPDC), Lander Hazard Detection and Avoidance Camera (LHDAC), Lander Horizontal Velocity Camera, touch down sensors, and more.

Pragyan Rover

The research will be carried out at the landing location by the lunar rover called Pragyan Rover utilising its Alpha Particle X-RAY Spectrometer (APXS) and Laser Induced Breakdown Spectrometer (LIBS). By examining the mineral and chemical makeup of the moon's surface, the rover carried by the LIBS will assist organisations in learning more about the moon's surface.

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With the use of the APXS instrument, the rover will be able to examine the rocks, dirt, landing place, and even composition. While the RX/Tx antenna and navigation cameras will manage the navigation. Solar panels and a wheel drive assembly are also included.