Bloating, Heartburn And Gut Health: Expert Explains What’s Normal And What’s Not

Bloating, heartburn, and gut health concerns are common, but it’s important to know what’s normal and when you should consult a doctor. Bloating happens when the stomach feels swollen or tight due to gas or overeating. Occasional bloating after eating spicy or heavy food (like biryani, paranthas, or chole bhature) is normal. In a conversation with Jagran English, Dr. Kunal Das, who is the Director and HOD of the Department of Gastroenterology at Yashoda Super Speciality Hospital, Kaushambi, Ghaziabad, spoke about Bloating, Heartburn, and Gut Health—What’s Normal and What’s Not.

According to Dr. Kunal Das, persistent bloating, especially if accompanied by severe pain or weight loss, may indicate a serious issue like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO), or food intolerance. Heartburn is a burning sensation in the chest caused by acid reflux. It’s normal to experience it after a heavy meal or lying down right after eating rich foods like fried pakoras or desserts. However, if it happens frequently or wakes you up at night, it could point to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or other stomach issues.

Severe GERD may lead to Barrett’s esophagus or even esophageal cancer (adenocarcinoma) in rare cases. Increased intake of alcohol, smoking, and fast foods or ultra-processed foods have also contributed to the condition, added Dr. Kunal.

Finally, Dr. Kunal Das emphasized that good gut health is marked by smooth digestion, regular bowel movements, and minimal discomfort. Occasional constipation or diarrhea is normal, especially with dietary changes or stress. But chronic symptoms, blood in stools, or extreme discomfort aren’t normal and need medical attention. To maintain a healthy gut, eat fresh, fiber-rich foods, drink plenty of water, and limit processed or spicy meals. If symptoms persist or worsen, seek a doctor’s advice promptly.