Why Women Are At Higher Risk Of Arthritis? Doctor Sheds Light On Gender Divide

Arthritis In Women: Arthritis, a prevalent condition characterised by joint inflammation, affects millions worldwide, with a notable prevalence among women. Women are more than twice as likely as men to suffer from arthritis, particularly osteoarthritis (OA), a degenerative joint disease primarily caused by cartilage loss in the joints.

In a conversation with Jagran English, Dr Ashis Acharya, Senior Consultant Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine Unit, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital New-Delhi explained why women are at a higher risk of getting arthritis. 

Symptoms Of Arthritis In Women

According to Dr Acharya, the symptoms of arthritis include pain or tenderness, swelling, and redness in the joints, accompanied by stiffness and difficulty in joint movement. While the condition often begins with affecting the hands and feet, it can progress to involve other joints like knees, elbows, hips, and shoulders, significantly impacting the quality of life.

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Understanding the Gender Divide Of Arthritis

Anatomy: The gender discrepancy in arthritis prevalence is attributed to musculoskeletal differences between men and women. Women's wider hips alter joint movement patterns, exerting more pressure on certain joints like knees, predisposing them to osteoarthritis. Additionally, women are prone to developing Patellofemoral Arthritis, a condition affecting the kneecap and thigh bone joints due to structural differences.

Obesity: It emerges as a significant risk factor for osteoarthritis in both women and men. Excess weight exerts excessive pressure on the joints, resulting in cartilage erosion, heightened pain, and accelerated arthritis onset. Menopause-related weight gain exacerbates the risk of osteoarthritis among women, further compromising joint health.

Hormonal Influence: Oestrogen, a key hormone in women, plays a crucial role in immune system regulation and inflammation control. Fluctuations in oestrogen levels during menstruation, pregnancy, and menopause can influence arthritis symptom development and severity.

Arthritis In Women (Image Credits: Canva)

Genetic Predisposition: Genetic factors significantly contribute to arthritis susceptibility. Certain genetic mutations and variants may be more prevalent in women, increasing their predisposition to arthritis development.

Prevention and Management: Maintaining a healthy weight through regular exercise and a balanced diet is paramount in preventing arthritis. Exercise not only helps in weight management but also preserves bone health and joint flexibility. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, whole grains, and low-fat dairy can support joint health.

Treatment Options

Timely medical intervention is crucial for managing arthritis symptoms effectively before significant joint damage occurs. Painkillers and anti-inflammatory medications,  Corticosteroid injections, and physical therapy can be advised to alleviate pain and inflammation. In severe cases, total knee replacement surgery may be recommended to improve mobility and quality of life over the long term.

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In summary, since women are at a higher risk of developing arthritis, timely screening is essential for early detection and effective management of the condition. Arthritis often progresses gradually, and symptoms may initially be mild or easily dismissed. By advocating for regular arthritis screening and encouraging proactive healthcare practices, we can support women in maintaining optimal joint health and overall wellness.