• Source:JND
Add as a preferred

Thyroid And Mental Health: Thyroid health plays a pivotal role in regulating various bodily functions, including mental well-being. The thyroid gland, a small butterfly-shaped organ located in the neck, produces hormones (T3 and T4) that influence metabolism, energy levels and brain function. Any imbalance in thyroid hormone levels either hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism can significantly impact mental health.

In a conversation with Jagran English, Dr Pawan Kumar Goyal, Senior Director - Internal Medicine, Fortis Hospital, Shalimar Bagh explained how thyroid problems can significantly affect your mental health. 

How Thyroid Problems Affect Mental Health

Hypothyroidism and Mental Health

In hypothyroidism, where the thyroid gland produces insufficient hormones, patients often experience symptoms like fatigue, low mood, and difficulty concentrating, commonly referred to as "brain fog." Depression is a well-documented consequence of hypothyroidism, driven by reduced serotonin levels and a slowed metabolic rate. Individuals may feel withdrawn, experience a lack of motivation, and struggle with memory issues.

Hyperthyroidism and Mental Health

Conversely, hyperthyroidism involves an overproduction of thyroid hormones, which can manifest as anxiety, restlessness, and even panic attacks. The heightened metabolic state often leads to irritability, insomnia, and difficulties in emotional regulation. In severe cases, hyperthyroidism can contribute to conditions like mania or psychosis, further complicating mental well-being.

Thyroid Dysfunction and Psychiatric Disorders

Research highlights a bi-directional relationship between thyroid disorders and psychiatric conditions. For example, untreated hypothyroidism may increase the risk of developing depressive disorders, while untreated hyperthyroidism is linked to anxiety spectrum disorders. Additionally, subclinical thyroid dysfunction, where hormone levels are mildly abnormal but not clinically overt, can still influence mood and cognitive functions.

thyroid

Thyroid And Mental Health (Image Credits: Canva)

Diagnosis and Treatment

Proper diagnosis is key to managing thyroid-related mental health concerns. Blood tests measuring TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), T3 and T4 levels are essential. Once diagnosed, treatment typically involves thyroid hormone replacement for hypothyroidism or antithyroid medications for hyperthyroidism. In many cases, mental health symptoms improve significantly after thyroid levels are stabilised.

Holistic Care

Mental well-being in thyroid disorders requires a multidisciplinary approach. Alongside medical treatment, patients may benefit from counselling, stress management techniques, and lifestyle modifications like a balanced diet and regular exercise. Awareness of the link between thyroid health and mental well-being is crucial for early diagnosis and intervention.

In conclusion, recognising the intricate connection between the thyroid gland and mental health allows for better management of both physical and emotional well-being. Patients with persistent mood changes should consider thyroid screening as part of their evaluation.

ALSO READ: 9 Warning Signs Of Hypothyroidism You Need To Address Immediately

ALSO READ: Best Drink For PCOS, PCOD, Thyroid And Diabetes Management