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World Diabetes Day 2023: The global health campaign of World Diabetes Day is observed on November 14 every year to raise awareness about the escalating cases of diabetes and its prevention methods. It is a global awareness campaign that focuses on diabetes mellitus.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 422 million people worldwide have diabetes, the majority living in low-and middle-income countries, and 1.5 million deaths are directly attributed to diabetes each year. Both the number of cases and the prevalence of diabetes have been steadily increasing over the past few decades.

In a conversation with Jagran English, Dr. Somnath Gupta, Consultant Physician & Diabetologist, Yashoda Hospitals Hyderabad explained and listed some common mistakes that make an individual prone to diabetes and increase the risk.

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1. Unhealthy Diet

According to Dr Gupta, consuming a diet high in refined sugars, processed foods, and unhealthy fats can contribute to weight gain and insulin resistance. These factors are key contributors to type 2 diabetes. Sedentary lifestyles, where physical activity is minimal or absent, can lead to weight gain and reduced insulin sensitivity. Regular exercise helps control blood sugar levels and supports overall health.

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2. Obesity

Being overweight or obese is a significant risk factor for diabetes. Excess adipose tissue, especially around the abdomen, can lead to insulin resistance, making it harder for cells to utilise insulin properly.

3. Genetics

Dr Gupta said that while lifestyle factors play a crucial role, genetics also contribute to diabetes risk. Individuals with a family history of diabetes may be genetically predisposed to the condition.

4. Stress

Long-term stress can elevate cortisol levels, impacting insulin function and leading to increased blood sugar levels. Stress management techniques are essential for overall well-being and diabetes prevention.

Common mistakes that increase the risk of diabetes (Image Credits: Freepik)

5. Smoking

Smoking is associated with an elevated risk of type 2 diabetes. The harmful substances in tobacco can contribute to insulin resistance, making cells less responsive to insulin.

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6. Alcohol

Consuming alcohol in excess can contribute to weight gain and may affect insulin sensitivity, increasing the risk of diabetes. Moderation in alcohol intake is crucial for overall health. Inconsistent meal timings and skipping meals can lead to blood sugar spikes and crashes, affecting insulin regulation. Eating balanced meals at regular intervals helps maintain stable blood sugar levels.

According to Dr Gupta, neglecting symptoms such as increased thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, and unexplained weight loss can delay diabetes diagnosis and proper management. Recognizing these signs is crucial for early intervention. Certain medications, such as corticosteroids and antipsychotics, can increase diabetes risk. It's important to be aware of potential side effects and discuss them with healthcare professionals.