Uttarakhand's Asan Wetland: India's First Conservation Reserve Prepares For Migratory Birds

Preparations are in full swing at the Asan Wetland Conservation Reserve, the country's first conservation reserve and Uttarakhand's first Ramsar site, to welcome thousands of migratory birds for their annual winter stay. Located 38 km from Dehradun at the confluence of the Yamuna and Asan rivers, the wetland is a crucial wintering ground for species arriving from cold regions like Siberia.

The Chakrata Forest Division is meticulously preparing the habitat for its winged guests. Overgrown bushes across the 444.40-hectare reserve have been cut and trimmed, the bird watch tower is being cleaned, and the mud islands are being repaired to create a favorable environment for the birds and provide better viewing opportunities for visitors. Divisional Forest Officer, Vaibhav Kumar Singh, recently inspected the site to oversee the work.

The Annual Migration

The migration begins in the first week of October each year and lasts until March. According to bird expert and Asan Range Forest Ranger, Pradeep Saxena, the first to arrive are typically the Ruddy Shelducks (Surkhab), which are a major attraction with their distinct golden-shining wings.

For six months, the wetland buzzes with the chirping of colourful birds, drawing bird lovers, tourists, and scientists who come to study their habitat and lifestyle.

Star Attraction: The Pallas's Fish Eagle

A highlight for enthusiasts is the return of a pair of Pallas's Fish Eagles, which have been nesting on a specific Semal (Silk Cotton) tree at the wetland every winter for the past 60 years. This majestic bird, easily identified by its white head and a white band on its tail, is known for its fascinating fish-catching skills and its preference for solitude, nesting high up in the tree away from human interference.

A Haven For Birds And Visitors

Established in 2005, the Asan Wetland features demarcated paths and eco-huts for tourists. Its year-round reservoir and lush flora make it a captivating destination. The arrival of these birds also boosts the local economy, increasing income for the wetland authorities and the Garhwal Mandal Vikas Nigam (GMVN).

Prominent species that winter at Asan include the Woolly-necked Stork, Painted Stork, Red-naped Ibis, Great Crested Grebe, Greylag Goose, Mallard, Common Pochard, and various species of kingfishers.

Biodiversity By The Numbers

The bird count from the last five winter seasons is as follows:

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Year (Winter Season) Species Recorded Total Birds Counted

2024-25                               171                   5,225

2023-24                               141                   5,230

2022-23                                 42                   4,642

2021-22                                 49                   5,680

2020-21                                 55                   4,497

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